is done was done (passive 1) Compare active and passive: Somebody cleans the office every day. I-;-' The office is cleaned every day. Somebody cleaned the office yesterday. The office was cleaned yesterday. The passive is: The office is cleaned every day. The office was cleaned yesterday. (active) (passive) (active) (passive) past participle present simple past sir am/is/are was/were (not) cleaned done + invented built injured taken etc. The past participle of regular verbs is -ed (cleaned/damaged etc.). For a list of irregular past participles (done/built/taken etc.), see Appendix 2-3. • Butter is made from milk. • Oranges are imported into Britain. • How often are these rooms cleaned? • I am never invited to parties. • This house was built 100 years ago. • These houses were built 100 years ago. • When was the telephone invented? • We weren't invited to the party last week. • 'Was anybody injured in the accident?' 'Yes, two people were taken to hospital' was/were born • I was born in London in 1962. (not 'I am born') • Where were you born? Passive + by ... • We were woken up by a loud noise. (= The noise woke us up.) • The telephone was invented by Alexander Bell in 1876. • My brother was bitten by a dog last week. 51.3 1.4 is being done / has been done active and passive: irregular verbs ■ UNIT 24, APPENDIX 2-3 by UNIT 104 EXERCISES 21,1 Write sentences from the words in brackets (...). Sentences 1-7 are present. 1 (the office / clean / every day) JflftLSflllrf kj&B&rf&&&Mb~ 2 (these rooms / clean / every day?) .....Are. tHese rooms de^ed, every d^y ? 3 (glass / make / from sand) Glass......................................................................................................... 4 (stamps / sell / in a post office) ............................................................................................................ 5 (this room / not / use / very often) ................................................................................................ 6 (we / allow / to park here?) .................................................................................................................. 7 (how / this word / pronounce?) ........................................................................................................ Sentences 8-15 are past. 8 (the office / clean / yesterday) JO^tS^^ 9 (the house / paint / last month) The house ............................................................................ 10 (three people / injure / in the accident) ....................................................................................... 11 (my bicycle / steal / a few days ago) 12 (when / this bridge / build?) ................................................................................................................ 13 (you / invite / to the party last week?) .......................................................................................... 14 (how / these windows / break?) ......................................................................................................... 15 (I / not / wake up / by the noise) ..................................................................................................... UNIT 21 >1.2 Correct these sentences. 1 [This house built) 100 years ago. JMs..lm0M0..^*M... 2 Football plays in most countries of the world........................ Why did the letter send to the wrong address? ....................... A garage is a place where cars repair............................................. Where are you born? ................................................................................. How many languages are speaking in Switzerland? ............. Somebody broke into our house but nothing stolen........ 8 When was invented the bicycle? ....................................................... steal take Complete the sentences. Use the passive (present or past) of these verbs: clean damage find give invite make make show 1 The room .M..d&HQ$4r..... every day. 2 I saw an accident yesterday. Two people w^.e t^e*1.....to hospital. 3 Paper..............................................................from wood. 4 There was a fire at the hotel last week. Two of the rooms............................................................... 5 'Where did you get this picture?' 'It..............................................................to me by a friend of mine.' 6 Many American programmes..............................................................on British television. 7 'Did Jim and Sue go to the wedding?' 'No. They.......................................................but they didn't go.' 8 'How old is this film?' 'It..............................................................in 1965.' 9 My car...................................................last week but the next day it...................................................by the police. Where were they born? Sally............................................................................................................................................... Her................................................................................................................................................. I........................................................................................-....... (Ian / Edinburgh) (Sally / Birmingham) (her parents / Ireland) (you/???) (your mother / ???) APPENDIX 1 [51]