Test A: Tenses - present A Katy and Sandra are talking about their daily lives. Write the correct forms of the Present Simple. Use short forms if you can. Katy: (►) pp.you get uj?............. (you/get/up) early? Sandra: No, not really. (1)................................ (My sister/go) to the bathroom first at about eight o'clock. (2)................................ (not/get up) until about eight thirty. What about you? Katy: Well, (3)................................ (Mike/try) to get me up at about seven, but (4)................................ (he/not/usually/succeed)! Sandra: (5)................................ (I/be/not) very hungry in the morning. What about you? (6)................................ (you/eat) much for breakfast? Katy: (7)................................ (I/not/usually/like) to eat much, but (8)................................ (Mike/study) for an hour before breakfast, so (9)................................ (he/eat) quite a lot. Sandra: (10)................................ (he/have) a big lunch as well? Katy: (11)................................ (I/not/know). (12)................................ (He/not/tell) me! Sandra: (13)................................ (you/drive) to work? Katy: Yes. (14)................................. (there/not/be) any buses. What about you? Sandra: Well, (15)................................ (my sister/want) to buy a new car, but at the moment, (16)................................ (we/both/walk). B Felix is on holiday in Portugal with his wife, Jilly, and their children, Tom and Sally. He's emailing their oldest child, Simon, who is at home in England. If the Present Continuous form is correct, put a tick (/). If it's wrong, either change the spelling or change it to the Present Simple as necessary. 'How are you geting (►)getting............... on, Simon? We're thinking (►).rethink............. it's great here. Everyone is having (►) /..................... a good time. I'm siting (1)........................ in the hotel Business Centre. Tom is swiming (2)........................ in the pool. Sally is lying (3)........................ on the beach, and Jilly is shoping! (4)......................... We're liking (5)........................ Portugal. We're all relaxing. (6)........................ What are you doing? Are you working hard (7)........................ at the moment? I'm knowing (8)........................ your exams start tomorrow. Good luck! Is it raining (9)........................ in England? The sun is shineing (10)........................ here, of course! I'm learning (11)........................ a bit of Portuguese, but not very much. I'm understanding (12)........................ some of the things that people say, but only if the words are similar to English. Hope to hear from you soon!' C Hazel and Jeremy are on the phone. Complete their conversation using either the Present Simple or Present Continuous. Use short forms if you can. Jeremy: (►) Are you working?... (you/work?) Hazel: Yes. (1)........................ (I/finish) a piece of homework for tomorrow. Why? What are you doing? Jeremy: Well, (2)........................ (I/think) about my homework, but I'm afraid (3)........................ (I/not/actually/do) it at the moment. I'm tired and bored. (4)........................ (you/want) to go out? Hazel: No. Look at the weather. (5)......................... (it/rain). (6)........................ (I/never/go out) in the rain. By the way, (7)........................ (you/know) the new girl in our class, the one with glasses? (8)........................ (I/think) (9)........................ (she/come) from Venezuela. Anyway, (10)........................ (she/stay) with Peter's family this month. Jeremy: Yes, I know. (11)........................ (she/do/well) at school, isn't she? Peter says (12)........................ (she/speak) three languages: Spanish, English and French. (13)........................ (I/not/speak/any languages)! Hazel: Tired, bored and stupid! Why would I want to go out with you, anyway? D This is the opening part of a book. One unnecessary word has been crossed out already as an example. Find twenty-one more, and cross them out. Today is the 1 June 1964. The sun shines is shining and the birds sing are singing. What is does everyone doing do? Well, Mrs Green is reads reading a newspaper. She is reads reading a newspaper every day before breakfast. Her husband, Mr Green, is danceing dancing in the garden. He likes is liking dancing in the morning. 'Have you another cup of coffee, darling', says Mr Green. 'But I'm still drink drinking my first cup, dear', replies Mrs Green, 'and anyway, where's our daughter today? She is usually bringing brings me my coffee.' 'Mary,' says Mr Green (but he doesn't stop dance dancing), 'she's she works working in London this week. Don't you remember?' 'Stopping Stop dancing and listening listen to me. I never forget forgetting anything. I was just giving you a little test. Anyway, it's time for work.' Alright, darling, but don't forget not your briefcase.' Thank you, dear. Don't dancing dance too hard!' E Use the words in the box to complete the list for new students. Le^ve(X) show (/) smoke (X) work (/) check (/) give (X) copy (X) ► Work.................. hard, but take a break now and again! r PP.tfE J?aye........... your bags or coats in the lecture hall. 1 ........................ that you know all the examination dates. 2 ........................ your computer password to another student. 3 ........................ your ID card when you enter the building. 4 ........................ in the lecture halls or classrooms. 5 ........................ your essays from the Internet! PAGE 18 • tenses: present tenses: present ■ PAGE 19 13 Present Perfect (1) I We form the Present Perfect using the present tense of have + a past participle: POSITIVE FULL FORM I/you have arrived he/she/it has arrived we/you/they have arrived SHORT FORM I've arrived he's arrived we've arrived NEGATIVE FULL FORM SHORT FORM I/you have not arrived haven't he/she/it has not arrived hasn't we/you/they have not arrived haven't QUESTIONS Have I/you arrived? Has he/she/it arrived? Have we/you/they arrived? 2 Regular past participles end in -ed or -d: played travelled arrived washed (For more regular past participles see Appendix 2, page 243.) Many past participles are irregular: buy —► bought go —♦ gone make —► made (For irregular past participles see Appendix 3, page 244.) 3 We use the Present Perfect: ► to talk about recent actions: At 18.00, Anne arrived home. At 18.01, we can say: Anne has arrived home. From 18.30 to 19.00, Anne ate her dinner. At 19.01, we can say: She's eaten her dinner. ► to talk about our lives I've sailed across the Atlantic. I've seen gorillas in Africa. I haven't danced the Flamenco. When we ask people about their lives, we often use ever (= at any time): Have you ever been to Australia? When people talk about their lives, they sometimes use never (= not at any time): I've never learnt French. Note that ever and never come before the past participle. Practice Use short forms (I've seen, she's gone) of the Present Perfect to make positive or negative sentences. ► (He/lose/his passport) He's Jost,his passport....................................... ► (She/not/see/her sister) §te,Mf&.8^b&^%$................................. 1 (We/finish/our work) .................................................................. 2 (They/buy/a new house) .................................................................. 3 (They/not/phone/the doctor) .................................................................. 4 (They/go/to the cinema) .................................................................. 5 (You/eat/four bananas!) .................................................................. 6 (You/not/take/any photographs) ................................................................. Now use the Present Perfect to make questions. {you/see/John?) Ha.Ye.yP.y.?£?P. .'Ml1??.. (you/be/to Canada?) ........................... (they/cook/our breakfast?) ........................... (Jane/make/any mistakes?) ........................... (we/visit/all the museums?) ........................... ► 7 8 9 10 James is talking about his life. Put the correct past participles in the gaps. I've (►) see.".......... (see) a lot of beautiful places in my life, and I've (1)................ (do) a lot of interesting things. I've (2)................ (travel) in North and South America, for example. I've (3)................ (visit) all the big American cities. I've (4)................ (drive) across Mexico. I haven't (5)................ (be) to Argentina, but I've (6)................ (work) in Peru and Bolivia. I've (7)................ (swim) in the Pacific Ocean, the Atlantic Ocean, and the Mediterranean Sea. I've (8)................ (eat) in the best restaurants in Paris, and I've (9)................ (sing) Italian songs in Rome. I haven't (10)................ (make) much money in my life, but I've (11)................ (meet) a lot of interesting people and I've (12)................ (take) a lot of wonderful photographs! C Read the questions. If they refer to a recent event, put a tick (/). If they refer to someone's life rewrite the sentence using ever. ► Have you had coffee? /„.............................................. ► Have you eaten elephant meat? H^e.you.eyer eaten elephant.meat?,.,. 1 Have you bought a newspaper? ....................................,............ 2 Have you flown in a military aeroplane? ................................................. 3 Have you washed your hands? ................................................. 4 Have you spoken to a prince or princess? ................................................. 5 Have you had anything to drink? ................................................. D Now write true answers to these questions, using either this morning or never. ► No,_l haven't had coffee this morning.................. ► No,_IVe never eaten elephant meat.............. 1 .................................................................. 2 ............................................................................................................ 3 4 5 page 28 • tenses: past tenses: past • PAGE 29 1 4 Present Perfect (2) 1 We use the Present Perfect to talk about something that happened in the past, but we do not say exactly when it happened: I've seen this film before. (= before now) We often use the Present Perfect in this way for things that happened in the past, and that have a result now: I've seen this film before. I don't want to see it again now. She's left the company. She doesn't work there now. We often use the Present Perfect with ever (.= at any time) and never (= at no time): Have you ever met a famous person? He has never worked in a factory. 2 We can use the Present Perfect with for and since, to talk about situations or actions in a period of time from the past until now. We use for with a period of time (e.g. three months), and since with a point in time (e.g. Tuesday): We've lived here for six months. past Monday •sday Wednesday (now; since Tuesday I haven't seen Tom since Tuesday. 3 Gone and been Look at the difference between these two sentences: He's been to Paris. (= He is now at home again.) He's gone to. He's been means 'he has finished his trip'. He's gone means 'he has begun his trip'. Paris. (= He is in Paris now.) Practice ► 1 2 3 4 5 She \WP.W9$&A.................. (work) as a secretary and as a schoolteacher. She................................ (live) in Paris since 1991. She................................ (visit) Canada and the USA. She................................ (be) married for four years. She................................ (write) four books. She................................ (climb) Mont Blanc twice. B Complete the sentences using the Present Perfect form of the verbs in brackets (). ► Don't take my plate away. I havens .finished............. (not/finish) my meal. 1 A: What's that book about? B: I don't know. I ................................ (not/read) it. 2 I ................................ (lose) my pen. Can I borrow yours, please? 3 My father................................ (buy) an expensive new car. 4 A: I ................................ (book) a room here for tonight. B: Yes madam, what's your name, please? 5 I ................................ (make) some sandwiches. Would you like one? 6 I'm not sure what the problem with the car is. It................................ (not/happen) before. 7 A: ................................ (you/reply) to that letter from the bank? B: No I haven't, but I'll do it soon. Write this conversation using the Present Perfect and the words in brackets (). Rob: (you/ever/want/to work in another country?) ► H^eypu,wer wanted to.wort jn^ncjth^e^urttr^... Brian: (Yes, in fact l/work/abroad.) 1 ............................................................................................................ (I/work/in Ireland and in Brazil.) 2 ............................................................................................................ 3 4 5 (What about you?/you/ever/have/a job abroad?) Rob: (No, l/never/want/to leave my home town.) (I/live/here for twenty years, and l/never/think/of working abroad.) Brian: (Really? Well, l/apply/for another job abroad.) D Make sentences with the Present Perfect and for or since. ► (l/not/play/tennis/last Summer.) J.b?.V?.n.'f: p}&y?.4.tennis since Jast Summer.......................... 1 (l/know/her/more than ten years.) 2 (l/not/eat/anything/lunchtime.) 3 (you/live/in this town/a long time?) 4 (Jill/be/a good friend/we were at school together.) 5 (you/see/Jack/the party last week?) tenses: past • PAGE 31 PAGE 30 • tenses: past