A STUDY IN CONTRASTS READING Aaron Spelling is said to be the richest and most successful television producer in Hollywood and, in a city famous for its wealth, his wife Candy is the biggest spender. They recently paid more than $10 million for the huge house the famous American singer, Bing Crosby, used to live in. Then they had it torn down so that an even bigger, more wonderful mansion could be built. Not only will it have a more luxurious swimming pool, but there will be an indoor ice-skating rink and a private zoo as well. The final bill will come to at least $25 million. They say that a few years ago, on a typically warm Californian Christmas Eve, Candy had a huge amount of real snow delivered to the Spelling mansion and spread all over the green lawns so that their children could enjoy 'a white Christmas'. Not long ago Candy decided she needed a few more clothes. She had a whole fashion show flown out to her from New York, along with the designer and three models. Not only did she buy the entire collection but - so the story goes at least - the bags and hats the models travelled with, as well. A lot of people in Hollywood wonder what she is going to buy next. 'What more can she possibly want?' others ask. Martin and Rebecca Granger used to teach in a tough secondary school in London. Two years ago, they moved to a small cottage in Cornwall, in the extreme south-west of England. 'We got tired of trying to make kids learn things they had no interest in,' Martin says. Martin's mother died, leaving the cottage to them. 'It was in a terrible state when we came. There were leaks in the roof. There wasn't even an indoor loo.* Rebecca and I have rebuilt the place with our own hands.' It is a pleasant, small place by the sea. In their large garden they grow most of their own vegetables and keep a goat. They also make all their own clothes. 'Money is still a problem, but we've learned to get by on very little,' Rebecca says. She does some part-time teaching in a school in a village nearby. Martin paints water-colours of the wild Atlantic and the brilliant sunsets they see almost every day. He has sold a few recently. They both say that what they value most is their freedom from the rat race and the pressures of life in a big city. Only one thing really bothers them, and that is the invasion of tourists every summer. 'We've been happy here, but we might emigrate to New Zealand, where we'd be even further away from it all,' Rebecca says. * lavatory Choose the best answer. 1 Aaron and Candy Spelling are now living in A the house that belonged to Bing Crosby. B a house they paid more than $10 million for. C a more luxurious house than the one they bought. D a house that needed a lot of repairs. 2 The real snow Candy wanted for Christinas was A brought to her home from elsewhere. B placed on the edge of the lawns. C manufactured at her own home. D more than she needed to cover her property. 3 A short while ago, Candy decided to A fly to New York to buy some clothes, B run a clothing company herself. C employ a fashion designer and fashion models permanently. D purchase every single item in a fashion show. 4 Martin and Rebecca Granger moved to a small cottage in Cornwall because they A couldn't find a teaching job in London. B wanted to teach outside London. C found teaching salaries too low in London. D wanted a change from their life in London. 5 The cottage they moved to in Cornwall A had belonged to a distant relative. B was bought for them by Martin's mother. C was in a dreadful condition. D was in a small village. 6 After Martin and Rebecca had moved to the cottage, they spent some time A creating a large garden. B renovating the building themselves. C looking for suitable work. D finding help to make the place habitable. 7 They are thinking of emigrating to New Zealand because A they are seeking freedom from the rat race. B they cannot manage on what they earn. C they are no longer happy where they are. D they want to live in an even more remote place. 8 By contrasting the two families, the writer suggests that people A are rarely satisfied with their houses. B do not need a lot of money to be happy. C need to be kept busy. D often find living in the country unpleasant. SPEAKING Talking on your own Work in pairs as Student A and B. Try to speak for about one minute. Student A: Describe and compare the houses shown in the pictures on page 90. Say what you think they might look like inside and which you would prefer to live in. Student B: Describe and compare the settings of the houses in both pictures. Say what kind of people might not enjoy living in these surroundings, and why not. VOCABULARY Which is the word in each group that does not belong? 1 elegant marvellous luxurious shabby 2 mansion castle cottage palace 3 partial whole entire complete 4 tough hard relaxing demanding 5 repair leak hole crack 6 loo shower lavatory toilet LANGUAGE STUDY_ A Study the following pairs of sentences. Is there a difference between them? 1 a) She bought the clothes and the hats and bags as well. b) Not only did she buy the clothes, but the hats and bags as well. 2 a) I can speak Chinese, and I can read it as well, b) Not only can I speak Chinese, but I can read it as well. B Which sentences suggest most clearly that there is something unusual and surprising in the statement? C Rewrite the following sentences using Not only... Example: Bill can sing and dance. > Not only can Bill sing, but he can dance as well. 1 I can sing and dance. 2 He is a thief and a killer. 3 He lies and he steals. 4 You will pass your exam and get a good mark. 5 The room I live in is cold and it smells. 6 The roof leaks, and there is a ghost in the house. 7 This computer is expensive and it's useless. 8 We had to clean the house and repair the roof. 90 • UNIT 12 FOCUS ONE FOCUS ONE UNIT 12 • 91 SPEAKING A Talking on your own Work in groups of three as Student A, B and C. Try to speak for about one minute. Student A: Choose two of the pictures. Describe and compare them, saying what type of holiday you could have in the two places, and which place you would prefer. Student B: Choose two different pictures. Describe and compare them, saying what type of holiday you could have in the two places, and which place would be more expensive. Student C: Talk about the two remaining pictures. Describe and compare them, saying what type of holiday you could have in these places, and which place would be more exciting. B Discussion 1 Is it better to discover new places for holidays, or to go back to a place you know well? 2 What things are important to you when you go away on holiday? 3 What good or bad changes has tourism brought to your area? LANGUAGE STUDY VOCABULARY 92 UNIT 12 FOCUS TWO have something done > GS 15.1.1 A What's the difference? 1 The old lady delivered the food. The old lady had the food delivered. 2 I'm going to repair my car. I'm going to have my car repaired. 3 You should cut your hair. You should have your hair cut. B Read the sentences and answer the questions, using the correct form of the verb in brackets. Example: An old lady is having trouble with her TV set. What is she going to have done? (repair) >■ She's going to have her TV set repaired. 1 Candy doesn't like the house she has just bought. What is she going to have done? (tear down) 2 A businessman has lots of suits, but never buys them from a shop. What does he have done? (make) 3 A film actress is at the hairdresser's at the moment. What is she having done? (cut) 4 A man went into a chemist's with a roll of film yesterday. Today he has just come out with some photos. What has he just had done? (develop) 5 A large hotel has a '12-hour laundry service'. What can you have done? (wash) 6 Candy employed decorators at her house last year. What did she have done? (paint) C Rewrite these sentences with the correct form of have something done. 1 I take my car to Bowen's Garage for servicing, serviced > I_at Bowen's Garage. 2 Someone can repair your shoes in an hour, have >■ You_in an hour. 3 The designers have made a dress for Candy's party, had >- Candy_for her party. 4 We've arranged for someone to fix the washing machine next week. have p- We're going_next week. 5 Someone in London is printing the wedding invitations for us. printed We are_in London. 6 Candy organized a delivery of snow on Christmas Eve. some P* Candy_on Christmas Eve. He or layl A Study these dictionary definitions. lie' (make a) statement that one knows to be untrue: tell ~s. He ~d to me. He's lying. What a pack of~s! => pack' (3) also white lie. lie11 be, put oneself, flat on a horizontal surface or in a resting position: ~ on one's back/side. He lay on the grass enjoying the sunshine, (not) take sth lying down, (not) submit to a challenge, an insult without protest, lie-in, stay in bed after one's usual time. Hence, lie-in n: have a nice ~-in on Sunday morning, lie low, o low1 (1). 2 (of things) be resting flat on something: The book lay open on the table. 3 be kept, remain, in a certain state or position: money lying idle in the bank. The snow lay thick on the ground. lay11 put on a surface; put in a certain position: He laid his hand on my shoulder. 2 (of non-material things, and fig) place; put. lay (one's) hands on sthlsb, (a) seize; get possession of: He keeps everything he can ~ (his) hands on. (b) do violence to: How dare you ~ hands on me? (c) find: The book is somewhere, but I can X ~ my hands on it just now. Now study the forms: lay/laid/have laid lie/lied/have lied lie/lay/have lain B Complete these sentences with the correct form of lie or lay. Don't . the table yet. Wait until they get here. If you___a hand on me, I'll call the police! There was a tree_across the road. I fell asleep as soon as I_down. He came in and_all the books on the table. I've never_eyes on that man before. Those things have just_there for weeks; nobody has even touched them. She_to me about her age. bring, take, fetch, carry or wear2. C Complete each of the following sentences with one of the above words. 1 Will you_this letter to the post office for me, please? Do you have to. Waiter! Please _ a shirt and tie at work? me a menu. You're very ill. I think I'd better go out and_ a doctor immediately! How much weight can you_on your back? Please remember to_your books with you. FOCUS TWO UNIT 12 • 93 LISTENING S A You are going to hear part of a radio programme about Linda de Vere Hardy. Listen to it at least once, and then choose the best answer, A, B or C. 1 What was Linda most interested in when she was at school? A French and History B boyfriends C cars 2 She decided to fly to India because she A knew Lindberg was going to do the same thing. B couldn't find the right plane to cross the Atlantic. C wanted to be the first woman pilot in Europe. 3 What happened during the flight? A She thought about giving up and returning. B She had to land in the desert but got some petrol from a camel-driver. C She crashed in the desert and finished the journey by camel. 4 The architect who knew her never married her because A he was not very fond of her. B she was not very fond of him. C she did not want any children. 5 Diana Cusard thinks the stories about Linda and Clark Gable A may have been true. B were not true. C were definitely true. B Now listen to the second part at least once. Complete the notes below. She flew bombers to Britain during LANGUAGE STUDY VOCABULARY Later she married Angus Hardy who worked in I 2 i I The marriage was unusual because he was 1 3 I I than her. Both Linda and her husband were interested in Angus encouraged her to develop her talents as a Her books were popular | 6 | In 1962, her husband died m For the remainder of her life, she lived alone on I " I I Her son Ian stopped visiting her because he felt 9 |_ Linda and her son 10 Donald Winstone feels proud - relationship. He admired her I 12 VOCABULARY The following article appeared in a newspaper a few days after Linda de Vere Hardy's death. Use the words in capital letters to form a word that fills each space. An example is given (0). Linda de Vere Hardy, who died last week, was not at all a (0) conventional woman of her generation. In the 1920s she was (1)_to learn to fly, and became the first woman to become a fully (2)_pilot. Her solo (3)_from London to Delhi was one of the greatest (4)_of the early days of aviation. Her (5)_to Angus Hardy took place after the end of the Second World War. With his (6)_, she wrote a number of (7)_stories in the 1950s that achieved great (8)_. In 1962, her husband's tragic (9)_in a car crash ended her literary career, and she spent the rest of her life on an (10)__island off the coast of Scotland. 0 CONVENTION 6 ENCOURAGE 1 DETERMINE 7 DETECT 2 QUALIFY 8 POPULAR 3 FLY 9 DIE 4 ACHIEVE 10 ISOLATE 5 MARRY What is the meaning of they! A Study the example. Who could they be? a) They gave Linda a prize for one of her books. b) They say her books are still popular. c) They used to say that she was a bit crazy. 1 In which two sentences does they mean people in general? 2 In which sentence does it mean something like 'whoever the people are who decide such things'? The passive > GS 8.1 B Rewrite these sentences without using they, people or someone. Use the word in bold. Example: They gave Linda a prize for one of her books. >■ Linda was given a prize for one of her books. 1 They will give me a prize if I can learn this. be I will_.__if I can learn this. 2 Perhaps someone will find a cure for this disease one day. found Perhaps a cure for this disease _one day. 3 Will they find an easier way to learn English one day, too? be Will an easier way to learn _one day, too? 4 Someone has told me you could learn English in your sleep. been I_you could learn English in your sleep. 5 People learn English easily. is They say that English_ to learn. 6 People speak it all over the world. is It_all over the world. 7 They sell English books in that shop. sold English_in that shop. 8 Someone is repairing my car at the moment. repaired My car_at the moment. Verb and noun combinations: make and do > GS 15.2 A Which of these things below can we make! Which can we dot Read each one aloud. Then say if they need make or do. • someone a favour • friends • your homework • a course • French • the washing-up • money • a mistake • a phone call • an appointment • military service • a noise • something/nothing/any thing B Rewrite the second sentence in each pair. Use no more than five words including the word in bold. Do NOT change this word. 1 Let's clean the dishes in the morning. washing-up Let's__in the morning. 2 My sister is studying French at university. course My sister is_at university. 3 His books are very profitable. money He_from his books. 4 Have you made any arrangements for this weekend? this anything Are__ weekend? 5 Joachim's composition was very inaccurate. mistakes Joachim_in his composition. 6 The protesters were very noisy at the meeting. noise The protesters_ _ at the meeting. 7 Young people in England don't have to spend any time in the army any more. service Young people in England don't have _any more. 8 You can ring your mother from my office. make You can_to your mother from my office. 9 Could you be quieter, please. noise Could you stop_, please. 10 Could I arrange a time to see the dentist? appointment Could I_ to see the dentist? 94 UNJT 12 FOCUSTHREE FOCUSTHREE UNIT 12 95 WRITING Letter of application 2 In addition to writing a letter of application for a job (see Unit 3), you may also be asked to apply for something else, such as a scholarship or a grant. A Sample task The Green Foundation is offering grants of up to £5000 to fund new projects at schools and universities which are aimed at improving the environment. If you would like to be considered for a grant, please write to us, telling us what you will do in your project, how much money you will need and how you plan to spend the money. B Read the following answer. There are ten extra words that should not be there. Can you find them? Dear Sir or Madam I am writing with reference to your announcement and would like to apply me for a grant. I am a seventeen-year-old student at Brandon School in London. I am studying science because I intend to do medicine at the university. I have always been interested in the environment. I feel that we should to make people more aware of the benefits of re-cycling. Last year, as part of our chemistry course, we did a project on re-cycling. The project had two aims. The first aim it was to study the problem of disposing of ordinary household products such as like bottles and plastics. We worked out which products were enough safe to throw away, and which ones could be re-cycled. Our second aim was to give this information out. We produced leaflets for students and parents and at the weekends we handed more leaflets out in supermarkets. The cost of this it came to about £1000. We also spent £500 in writing to local shops near, supermarkets and other businesses asking them to provide re-cycling facilities. I hope you will consider us for a grant for £1500, and am look forward to hearing from you. Yours faithfully, Paul Porritt C Analysis 1 Is the letter written to the right person? 2 Is it written in the right style? 3 Are the paragraphs clear? 4 Read the question again. Why (apart from the mistakes) is this a bad answer? D Writing task Write a letter of about 180 words applying for one of the grants mentioned in this announcement. The Children's Organisation has several grants of up to £lOOO to fund new projects designed to help children in developing countries. To apply, please write to us giving details about yourself, the project you are planning, and saying how you would spend the money. E Plan your answer, using these notes. The letter can be answered in five paragraphs: 1 Refer to the announcement and say why you are writing. 2 Give a few details about yourself and what you do. Keep this part fairly short - they just want an idea of who you are, how old you are, etc. 3 This is the main part of the letter, and you must use your imagination. Think of a project that would help children in developing countries. You may use any of your own ideas or any of the following: • collecting second-hand clothes • giving children presents for Christmas • supplying food and medicine 4 Explain how much you need and what you would spend the money on. It would be a good idea to make it clear that you will be doing a lot of the work for free. 5 Finish appropriately and say you look forward to hearing from them. Remember to write in a formal style. REVISION AND EXTENSION Complete the text by choosing the best answer, A, B, C or D. A YEAR WITH OVERSEAS VOLUNTEERS I was with Overseas Volunteers (OV) for a year after leaving university, and I was sent to an isolated village in Chad, about 500 kilometres from the capital N'Djamena. Coming from a (1)_country, I got quite a shock, as conditions were much harder than I had (2)_. But after a few days I soon got used to (3)_there. The people were always very friendly and helpful, and I soon began to appreciate how (4)_the countryside was. One of my jobs was to supply the village with water. The well was a long walk away, and the women used to (5)_a long time every day (6)_ heavy pots backwards and forwards. So I contacted the organization and arranged to (7)_some pipes delivered. We built a simple pipeline and a pump, and it worked first time. It wasn't perfect - there were a few (8)_, but it made a great difference to the villagers, (9)_had never had running water before. And not (10)_did we have running water, but in the evenings it was hot, because the pipe had been (11)_in the sun all day. All in all, I think my time with OV was a good experience. Although it was not well-paid, it was well (12)_doing, and I would recommend it to anyone who was (13)_working for a charity. Finally, there's one more reason why I'll never (14)_working for OV. A few months before I left, I met and fell in love (15)___another volunteer, and we got married when we returned to England. 1 A rich C well-paid B comfortable D luxurious 2 A felt C found B planned D expected 3 A live C living B lived D lives 4 A beautiful C handsome B good-looking D sweet 5 A spend C spends B spent D spending 6 A fetching C carrying B wearing D holding 7 A make C have B let I) allow 8 A breaks C splits B leaks D punctures 9 A which C they B that D who 10 A hardly c only B scarcely D also 11 A lied C laying B lay 1) lying 12 A worth c cost B value D price 13 A considering C going B thinking D planning 14 A regret C miss B feel sorry D lose 15 A at C for B to D with LISTENING m You will hear an interview about why conservation groups, such as Greenpeace, are interested in protecting whales. For questions 1-9 fill in the missing information in the advertisement below. GREENPEACE SAVE THE WHALE CAMPAIGN The twentieth century has brought many dangers to the world's largest mammal. Due to improved methods of (1)_ and (2)_ships, we might be too late to prevent whales from becoming (3)_. There are only 2,000 (4)_ left, and although the species is (5)_, there is no sign that the population is growing. Only three countries, (6)_, (7)_ and (8),_, are allowed to catch whales for (9)_, but the situation is not improving. STOP THE KILLING NOW! 96 • UNIT 12 FOCUS FOUR FOCUS FIVE UNIT 12 • 97