ß Do you ... ? (present simple questions) A We use do/does in present simple questions: positive question I work we like you they do have he she it works likes does has I we do you they work? Uke? does he she it do? have? Study the word order: do/does + subject + infinitive Do you work in the evening? Do your friends live near here? Does Chris play tennis? Where do your parents live? your hair? How often do you wash What does this word mean? How much does it cost to fly to Rome? Questions with always/usually/often: Do you always have breakfast? Does Chris often play tennis? What do you usually do at weekends? What do o you do? = What's your job?: "What do you do?' 'I work in a bank.' Remember: do 1/we/you/they ... does he/she/it... short answers • Do they like music? • Does he like music? Yes, I/we/you/they do. he/she/it does. No, I/we/you/they don't. he/she/it doesn't. 74 • 'Do you play tennis?' 'No, I don't.' • 'Do your parents speak English?' 'Yes, they do.' • 'Does George work hard?' Yes, he does.' • 'Does your sister live in London.' 'No, she doesn't.' EXERCISES 7.1 Write questions with Do...? and Does...? 1 I like chocolate. And you? 2 I play tennis. And you? 3 Tom plays tennis. And Ann? 4 You live near here. And your friends? 5 You speak English. And your brother? 6 I do exercises every morning. And you? 7 Sue often goes away. And Paul? 8 I want to be famous. And you? 9 You work hard. And Linda? UNIT . you . Ann. 7.2 Write questions. Use the words in brackets (.. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 (where / live / your parents?) (you / early / always / get up?) (how often / TV / you / watch?) (you / want / what / for dinner?) (like / you / football?) (your brother / like / football?) (what / you / do / in the evenings?) (your sister / work / where?) (to the cinema / often / you / go?) (what / mean / this word?) (often / snow / it / here?) (go / usually / to bed / what time / you?) ..... (how much / to phone New York / it / cost?) ) + do/does. Put the words in the right order. ..PlP..H?^...í^^?...9.^.M.R..^Ítí.? 14 (you / for breakfast / have / usually / what?) 7.3 Complete the questions. Use these verbs: enjoy go 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 like start teach work what fojmA?. ? ...........................................it? What time...............................................................in the morningr ........................................................................on Saturdays? How........................................................................to work? And your husband. What.................................................................? What........................................................................? ........................................................................his job? I work in a bookshop. It's OK. At 9 o'clock. Sometimes. Usually by bus. He's a teacher. Science. Yes, he loves it. Write short answers (Yes, he does./No, I don't, etc.). 1 Do you watch TV a lot? .No, I don't, OR Yes^ I cLp. 2 Do you live in a big city? .................................................................... 3 Do you often ride a bicycle? ............................................................ 4 Does it rain a lot where you live?................................................. 5 Do you play the piano? ......................................................................... [22] I do/work/like etc. =* ESQ I don't ... (negative) => EE questions => units 43-46 [23] I am doing and I do (present continuous and present simple) 8.1 Jim is watching television. He is not playing the guitar. But Jim has a guitar. He often plays it and he plays very well. Jim plays the guitar but he is not playing the guitar now. Is he playing the guitar? No, he isn't. Does he play the guitar? Yes, he does. (present continuous) (present simple) Present continuous (I am doing) - now, at the time of speaking: I'm doing past NOW future • Please be quiet. I'm working, (not 'I work') • Tom is having a shower at the moment, (not 'Tom has') • Take an umbrella with you. It's raining. • You can turn off the television. I'm not watching it. • Why are you under the table? What are you doing? Present simple (I do) - in general, all the time or sometimes: ~<- i do - past -now - • I work every day from 9 o'clock to 5.30. • Tom has a shower every morning. • It rains a lot in winter. • I don't watch television very often. • What do you usually do at the weekend? We do not use these verbs in the present continuous (I am -ing): 8.2 future 8.3 like love want know understand remember depend prefer hate need mean believe forget Use the present simple only with these verbs (I want / do you like? etc.): • I'm tired. I want to go home, (not 'I'm wanting') • 'Do you know that girl?' Yes, but I don't remember her name.' • I don't understand. What do you mean? EXERCISES Answer the questions about the pictures. 1 1 Does he take photographs? YeSj h& does...... js he taking a photograph? N?, He isn't...... What is he doing? He s H^Yt«5 a. batti...... 2 Is she driving a bus?............................................................. Does she drive a bus? ................................................... What is she doing? ............................................................................................................................................................................ 3 Does he clean windows?.................................................. Is he cleaning a window?.......................................... What is he doing?............................................................................................................................................................................... 4 Are they teaching?............................................................... Do they teach?.................................................................. What do they do?............................................................................................................................................................................... Put in am/is/are or do/don't/does/doesn't. 1 Excuse me, ...4?......you speak English? 2 'Where's Ann?' 'I......................................know.' 3 What's funny? Why......................................you laughing? 4 'What......................................your sister do?' 'She's a dentist.' 5 It......................................raining. I......................................want to go out in the rain. 6 'Where......................................you come from?' 'Canada,* 7 How much......................................it cost to phone Canada? 8 George is a good tennis player but he......................................play very often. Put the verb in the present continuous (I am doing) or the present simpie (I do). 1 Excuse me. PPiJ0" speak (you/speak) English? 2 'Where's Tom?' ' He's.Ha.ymg (he/have) a shower.' 3 ! 1. w#cji.....(I/not/watch) television very often, 4 Listen! Somebody...................................................................(sing). 5 Sandra is tired....................................................................(she/want) to go home now. How often...................................................................(you/read) a newspaper? 'Excuse me but...................................................................(you/sit) in my place.' 'Oh, I'm sorry' I'm sorry,,,.................................................................(I/not/understand). Can you speak more slowly? It's late....................................................................(I/go) home now. .................................................................................. (you/come) with me? 10 What time.......................................................................................(your father / finish) work in the evenings? 11 You can turn off the radio. ...................................................................(I/not/listen) to it, 12 'Where's Paul?' 'In the kitchen....................................................................(he/cook) something.' 13 Martin.........................................................................................................................(not/usually/drive) to work. He ...................................................................(usually/walk). 14 Sue............................................................(not/like) coffee..............................................................(she/prefer) tea. 6 7 8 9 present continuous: present simple : units 5-7 present for the future : UNIT m UNIT I have ... / I've got... A You can say I have or I've got, he has or he's got: 3 [26] EXERCISES 9,1 Write the short form (we've got/he hasn't got etc.). 1 we have got ...W£.Y$.5.?fc.. 3 they have got............................ 5 it has got............ 2 he has got ................................... 4 she has not got........................ 6 I have not got I we you they have OR I we you they have got (I've got) (we've got) (you've got) (they've got) he he (he's got) she has OR she has got (she's got) it it (it's got) I've got blue eyes, (or I have blue eyes.) Tim has got two sisters, (or Tim has two sisters.) Our car has got four doors. Diane isn't feeling well. She's got a headache, (she's got = she has They like animals. They've got a horse, three dogs and six cats. 9.3 got) I haven't got / have you got? etc. negative question short answers I we you they have not (haven't) got he she it has not (hasn't) I have we you they got? he has she it Yes, No, I we you they have, haven't. Yes, No, he she it has. hasn't. I've got a motor-bike but I haven't got a car. Mr and Mrs Harris haven't got any children. It's a nice house but it hasn't got a garden. 'Have you got a camera?' 'No, I haven't.' 'What have you got in your bag?' 'Nothing. It's empty' 'Has Ann got a car?' 'Yes, she has.' What kind of car has she got? 9,2 Write questions. 1 (you / an umbrella?) 2 (you / a passport?) 3 (your father / a car?) 4 (Carol / many friends?) 5 (you / any brothers or sisters?) 6 (how much money / we?) 7 (what / kind of car /Julia?) ..HM.^..yw..5!^..!^..,wnj.^!?!^?.. What has Tina got? What have you got? Look at the information and write sentences about Tina and yourself. YOU? 1 (a camera) ...Tfo^.Hjte;,gjffr fa&j/ffflfc (V&.flok„(QRJ 2 (a bicycle) Tina....................................................................................................................................................... 3 (long hair) .................................................................................................................................................................., 4 (brothers/sisters) ..................................................................................................................................................., 94 Put in have got fve got), has got ('s got), haven't got or hasn't got. 1 Sarah Jbgtt$J*L . a car. She goes everywhere by bicycle. 2 They like animals. They „Yfe,5SSthree dogs and two cats. 3 Charles isn't happy. He......................................................a lot of problems. 4 They don't read much. They......................................................many books. 5 'What's wrong?' 'I......................................................something in my eye.' 6 'Where's my pen?' 'I don't know. I......................................................it.' 7 Julia wants to go to the concert but she......................................................a ticket. 9.5 Complete the sentences. Use have/has got or haven't/hasn't got + one of these: I don't have / do you have? etc. In negatives and questions you can also use do/does ... : • They don't have any children. (= They haven't got any children.) • It's a nice house but it doesn't have a garden. (= it hasn't got a garden) • Does Ann have a car? (= Has Ann got a car?) • How much money do* you have? (= How much money have you got?) a lot of friends four wheels six legs a headache a toothache a key much time a garden had / didn't have (past): some/any => ^^JJ units 11-12 have breakfast / have a shower etc. 1 I'm not feeling very well. I 'y^^sk^^Md^SL 2 It's a nice house but it . hasn't got ct garcUw. 3 Most cars................................................................................................ 4 Everybody likes Tom. He..................................................... 5 I'm going to the dentist this morning. I..................... 6 He can't open the door. He................................................. 7 An insect................................................................................................ 8 We must hurry. We.................................................................... [27] was/were Now Robert is at work. At midnight last night he wasn't at work. He was in bed. He was asleep. am/is (present) —> was (past): • I am tired, (now) • Where is Ann? (now) • The weather is good today. are (present) —» were (past): • You are late, (now) • They aren't here, (now) g positive negative I was tired last night. Where was Ann yesterday? The weather was good last week. You were late yesterday. They weren't here last Sunday. question I he she was it we you were they I he was not she (wasn't) it we you they were not (weren't) I? he? was she? it? we? were you? they? • Last year Rachel was 22, so she is 23 now. • When I was a child, I was afraid of dogs. • We were hungry after the journey but we weren't tired. • The hotel was comfortable but it wasn't expensive. « Was the weather good when you were on holiday? • Those shoes are nice. Were they expensive? © Why were you late this morning? short answers Yes, I/he/she/it was. we/you/they were. No, I/he/she/it wasn't. we/you/they weren't. • Were you late?' No, I wasn't.' • 'Was Ted at work yesterday?' Yes, he was.' • 'Were Sue and Steve at the party?' 'No, they weren't.' EXERCISES 10.1 Look at the pictures. Where were these people at 3 o'clock yesterday afternoon? am/is/are units 1-2 I was doing UNIT 10 1 ..^^.rfl^.WM.M.b?^.:... 4 2 Carol and Jack............................................................... 5 ....................................................................................................... 3 Sue ........................................................................................ 6 And you? I....................................................................... 10.2 Put in am/is/are (present) or was/were (past). 1 Last year she JSft*. 22, so she 23 now. 2 Today the weather.......................nice, but yesterday it.......................very cold. 3 I.......................hungry. Can I have something to eat? 4 I feel fine this morning but I.......................very tired last night. 5 Where.......................you at 11 o'clock last Friday morning? 6 Don't buy those shoes. They.......................very expensive. 7 I like your new jacket........................it expensive? 8 This time last year I.......................in Paris. 9 'Where....................the children?' 'I don't know. They.....................in the garden ten minutes ago.' 10.3 Put in was/were or wasn't/weren't. 1 We weren't happy with the hotel. Our room very small and it t. very clean. 2 George.......................at work last week because he.......................ill. He's better now. 3 Yesterday.......................a public holiday so the shops.......................closed. They're open today. 4 '.......................Sue and Bill at the party?' 'Sue.......................there but Bill........................' 5 'Where are my keys?' 'I don't know. They.......................on the table but they're not there now.' 6 You.......................at home last night. Where.......................you? 10.4 Write the questions. Use the words in brackets (...) in the correct order + was/were. >-_ (late / you / this morning / why?) W)?y were- ^ (difficult / your exam?) (last week / where / Ann and Chris?) (your new camera / how much?) (angry / you / yesterday / why?) (nice / the weather / last week?) -The traffic wasbad. -No, it was easy. i >-They were on holiday. J "-Sixty pounds. • •-Because you were late. Yes, it was beautiful. worked/got/went etc. (past simple) They watch television every evening. (present simple) They watched television yesterday evening. (past simple) watched is the past simple: I/we/you/they he/she/it watched EXERCISES 1,1 Complete the sentences. Use one of these verbs in the past simple: elean die enjoy finish happen open rain start stay want 1 I c^e**ie4- my teeth three times yesterday. 2 It was hot in the room, so I......................................the window. 3 The concert......................................at 7.30 and......................................at 10 o'clock. 4 When I was a child, I......................................to be a doctor. 5 The accident......................................last Sunday afternoon. 6 It's a nice day today but yesterday it......................................all day. 7 We......................................our holiday last year. We......................................at a very nice place, 8 Ann's grandfather......................................when he was 90 years old. 1,2 Write the past simple of these verbs. The past simple is often -ed (regular verbs). For example: work -* worked clean —> cleaned stay —»stayed arrive —» arrived start —> started dance —$ danced I clean my teeth every morning. This morning I cleaned my teeth. Terry worked in a bank from 1986 to 1993. Yesterday it rained all morning. It stopped at lunchtime. We enjoyed the party last night. We danced a lot and talked to a lot of people. The party finished at midnight. Spelling (=> Appendix 5): try —> tried study —»studied copy —> copied stop —» stopped plan -4 planned Some verbs are irregular (= not regular). The past simple is not -ed. Here are some important irregular verbs (see also Appendix 2—3): begin —> began fall -> fell leave -> left sell -» sold break broke find found lose lost sit sat bring brought fly flew make made sleep slept build built forget forgot meet met speak spoke buy bought get got pay paid stand stood catch caught give gave put put take took come came g° went read read /red/* tell told do did have had ring rang think thought drink drank hear heard say said win won eat ate know knew see saw write wrote 1.4 ' pronunciation • I usually get up early but this morning I got up at 9.30. • We did a lot of work yesterday. • Caroline went to the cinema three times last week. • Jim came into the room, took off his coat and sat down. 1 get ..S 2 see .... 3 play 4 pay .............................. 7 go ..... 5 visit ............................ 8 think 6 buy ............................. 9 copy 10 know 11 put .... 12 speak 1.3 Read about Lisa's journey to Madrid. Put the verbs in the correct form. Last Tuesday Lisa (1) .ft?w. from London to Madrid. She (2).........................up at six o'clock in the morning and (3).........................a cup of coffee. At 6.30 she (4).......................,, home and (5).........................to the airport. When she (6)........................., she (7).........................the car and then (8).........................to the airport cafe where she (9).........................breakfast. Then she (10).........................through passport control and (11).........................for her flight. The plane (12)......................... on time and (13).........................in Madrid two hours later. Finally she (14).........................a taxi from the airport to her hotel in the centre of Madrid. fly, get have leave, drive arrive, park, go have, go wait, depart arrive take Write sentences about the past (yesterday / last week etc.). 1 Jim always goes to work by car. Yesterday .h.&w?** to work by car. Rachel often loses her keys. She....................................................................................................................last week. Kate meets her friends every evening. She ........................................................................yesterday evening. I usually buy two newspapers every day. Yesterday I............................................................................................... We usually go to the cinema on Sundays. Last Sunday we................................................................................. I eat an orange every day. Yesterday I ....................................................................................................................„........... Tom always has a shower in the morning. This morning he............................................................................. 8 Our friends come to see us every Friday. They................................................................................last Friday. Write sentences about what you did yesterday. was/were I didn't ... / Did you ... ? {negative and questions) 5 6 I didn't... Did you...? (past simple negative and questions) We use did in past simple negatives and questions: infinitive positive negative question I played we started you watched they had he saw she did it went I we you they he she it did not (didn't) play start watch have see do g° I play? we start? you watch? did they have? he see? she do? it go? do/does (present) —> did (past): • I don't watch television very often. • I didn't watch television yesterday. • Does she often go away? • Did she go away last week? We use did/didn't + infinitive (watch/play/go etc.): I watched but I didn't watch (not 'I didn't watched') they went did they go? (not 'did they went?') he had he didn't have you did did you do? • I played tennis yesterday but I didn't win. • 'Did you do the shopping?' 'No, I didn't have time.' • We went to the cinema but we didn't enjoy the fdm. Study the word order in questions: did + subject + infinitive Did your sister phone you? What did you do yesterday evening? How did the accident happen? Where did your parents go for their holiday? short answers EXERCISES 2,1 Complete these sentences with the verb in the negative. 1 I saw Barbara but I ...4M*?..t.*Kf:.....Jane. 2 They worked on Monday but they......................................................on Tuesday. 3 We went to the post office but we......................................................to the bank. 4 She had a pen but she......................................................any paper. 5 Jack did French at school but he......................................................German. 2.2 Write questions with Did...? 1 I watched TV last night. And you? 2 I enjoyed the parry. And you? 3 I had a good holiday. And you? 4 I finished work early. And you? 5 I slept well last night. And you? Yes, I/we/you/they he/she/it did. No, 1/we/you/they he/she/it didn't. • 'Did you see Joe yesterday?' 'No, I didn't.' • 'Did it rain on Sunday?' 'Yes, it did.' • 'Did Helen come to the party?' 'No, she didn't.' • 'Did your parents have a good holiday?' 'Yes, they did.' worked/got/went etc. (past simple): pid, you,. waidh...TV_ lost nujbfc? I 2.3 What did you do yesterday? Write positive or negative sentences. 1 (watch TV) .1 y^!^xM.?4r..iy..!.. !^L4M^M.kS^^Jjy.-* 2 (get up before 7 o'clock) 3 (have a shower) 4 (buy a magazine) 5 (eat meat) 6 (go to bed before 10.30) 12.4 Write B's questions. Use: arrive cost go go to bed late happen have a nice time stay win 1 A: We went to New York last month. B: Where ...4&jmJ*Ml.. 5 A: We came home by taxi. B: How much..................................................? A: With some friends. A: Ten pounds. 2 A: I was late this morning. B: What time...........................................................? 6 A: I'm tired this morning. B: .............................................................................? A: Half past nine. A: No, but I didn't sleep very well. 3 A: I played tennis this afternoon. B: .......................................................................................? 7 A: We went to the beach yesterday. B: ..................................................................................? A: No, I lost. A: Yes, it was great. 4 A: I had a nice holiday. B: Good. Where....................................................? 8 A: The window is broken. B: How....................................................................? A: To the mountains. A: I don't know. 12.5 put the verb in the correct form - positive, negative or question. 1 We went to the cinema but the film wasn't very good. We ...4M$!$..?*li9y... it. (enjoy) 2 Tim...........................................some new clothes yesterday — two shirts, a jacket and a pullover, (buy) 3 '..............................................................yesterday?' 'No, it was a nice day.' (rain) 4 The party wasn't very good, so we..............................................................long, (stay) 5 It was very warm in the room, so I..............................................................a window, (open) 6 'Did you go to the bank this morning?' 'No, I..............................................................time.' (have) 7 1 cut my hand this morning.' 'How..............................................................that?' (do) I was doing (past continuous) SARAH NOW 6 O CLOCK 3 00 she began playing she was p&sfittg It is 6 o'clock now. Sarah is at home. She is watching television. At 4 o'clock she wasn't at home. She was at the sports club. She was playing tennis. She wasn't watching television. 4 30 B was/were + -ing is the past continuous: positive negative she stopped playing question I he she was doing watching it playing we you were running living they etc. I he she it was not (wasn't) doing watching playing running living etc. we you they were not (weren't) 0 o What were you doing at 11.30 yesterday? "Were you working? 'What did he say?' 'I don't know. I wasn't listening.' It was raining, so we didn't go out. In 1985 we were living in Canada. Today she's wearing a skirt, but yesterday she was wearing trousers. I woke up early yesterday. It was a beautiful morning. The sun was shining and the birds were singing. Spelling (live -* living / run -> running / lie -» lying etc.) => Appendix 5 am/is/are + -ing (present) —» was/were + -ing (past): • I'm working (now). I was working at 10.30 last night. • It isn't raining (now). It wasn't raining when we went out. • What are you doing (now)? What were you doing at three o'clock? 3.1 3.2 was I he she it doing? watching? playing? running? living? etc. were we you they 3.4 EXERCISES Look at the pictures. Where were these people at 3 o'clock yesterday afternoon? And what were they doing? Write two sentences for each picture. UNIT 13 5 MR AND MRS HALL (. L3 the cinema / j££ watch a film the park / walk 1 .^M.S^..^.bSB*f^Shft. .ISM ,w#^j«3,1ty 2 Carol and Jack........................................................................... 3 Tom.................................................................................................. 4 ............................................................................................................... 5 ............................................................................................................... They 6 And you? I................................................................................................................................................................. Sarah did a lot of things yesterday morning. Look at the pictures and complete the sentences. 8.10-8.25 8.30-9.10 9.30-10.00 10.20-11.00 11.30-12.00 1 ill \tf' 1 12.30-1.00 1 At 9.45 „ site,woa,washingH we have finished start -> she has started Irregular verbs: The past participle is sometimes the same as the past simple and sometimes different (=> Appendix 2-3). For example: the same: buy -»I bought / I have bought have -> he had / he has had different: break -> I broke / I have broken see -> you saw / you have seen fall H> it fell / it has fallen go -> they went / they have gone 5.2 We use the present perfect for an action in the past with a result now, © 0 present perfect I've lost my passport. (= I can't find my passport now) 'Where's Linda?' 'She's gone to bed.' f= she is in bed now) We've bought a new car. (= we have a new car now) It's Rachel's birthday tomorrow and I haven't bought her a present. 'Bob is on holiday' 'Oh, where has he gone?' Can I take this newspaper? Have you finished with it? present perfect and past simple => IH'ilU'l irregular verbs i He has cleaned, his shoes. She They It. Complete the sentences with a verb from the list. break buy decide finish forget go go invite see not/see take tell 1 'Can I have this newspaper?' 'Yes, I Y^.fwbHed. with it.' 2 I........................................................-..............some new shoes. Do you want to see them? 3 'Where is Liz?' 'She......................................................................out.' 4 I'm looking for Paula. .....................................you......................................her? 5 Look! Somebody......................................................................that window. 6 'Does Lisa know that you're going away?' Yes, I......................................................................her.' 7 I can't find my umbrella. Somebody......................................................................it. 8 I'm looking for Sarah. Where......................................she......................................? 9 I know that woman but I......................................................................her name. 10 Sue is having a party tonight. She......................................................................a lot of people. 11 What are you going to do?.....................................you ..................................? 12 'Where are my glasses?' 'I don't know. I......................................................................them.' units 16-19 B I've just... I've already ... I haven't... yet (present perfect 2) I've just They have just arrived. I've already ... just - a short time ago • A: Are Diane and Paul here? B: Yes, they've just arrived. • A: Are you hungry? B: No, I've just had dinner. • A: Is Tom here? B: No, I'm afraid he's just gone. (= he has just gone) already - before you expected / before I expected • A: What time are Diane and Paul coming? B: They've already arrived. (= before you expected) • It's only nine o'clock and Ann has already gone to bed. (= before I expected) • A: John, this is Mary. B: Yes, I know. We've already met. I haven't ... yet / Have you ... yet? yet = until now You can use yet in negative sentences and questions. Yet is usually at the end. yet in negative sentences: The film hasn't started yet. • A: Are Diane and Paul here? B: No, they haven't arrived yet. (but B expects Diane and Paul to arrive soon) • A: Does John know that you're going away? B: No, I haven't told him yet. (but B is going to tell him soon) • Margaret has bought a new dress but she hasn't worn it yet. yet in questions: • A: Have Diane and Paul arrived/yet?/' B; No, not yet. We're still waitinglor them. • A: Has Linda started her new job yet? B: No, she starts next week. • A: This is my new dress. B: Oh, it's nice. Have you worn it yet? 16.1 I6.3 EXERCISES Write a sentence with just for each picture. 1 TVieyVe-jwst amved.. 2 He................................................ 3 They......... 4 The race 16.2 Complete the sentences. Use already + present perfect. What time is Paul arriving? Do Sue and Bill want to see the film? Don't forget to phone Tom. When is Martin going away? Do you want to read the newspaper? When does Linda start her newjob? No, they........................................................................it. I................................................................................................. He............................................................................................ I................................................................................................. She................................................................ Write a sentence with just (They've just... / She's just... etc.) or a negative sentence with yet (They haven't ...yet/Shehasn't ...yetetc.). 16-4 Write questions with yet. 1 Your friend has got a newjob. Perhaps she has started it. You ask her: Jteye ^...gferfajji, yowr new job yet? 2 Your friend has some new neighbours. Perhaps he has met them. You ask him: ......................you........................................................... 3 Your friend must write a letter. Perhaps she has written it now. You ask her: 4 Tom was trying to sell his car. Perhaps he has sold it now. You ask a friend about Tom: UNIT 16 [40] present perfect ■ units 15,17-20 word order: still, yet and already = [41]