Do you ... ? (present simple questions) A We use do/does in present simple questions: positive D [22] 1------------------"■■ ■ I we you they work like do have he she it works Hkes does has question I we do you work? they like? does he she it do? have? Study the word order: do/does + subject + infinitive Where How often What How much Do Do Does do do does does you your friends Chris your parents you this word it work live play live? wash mean? cost in the evening? near here? tennis? your hair? to fly to Rome? Questions with always/usually/often: What Do Does do you Chris you always often usually have play do breakfast? tennis? at weekends? What do you do? = What's your job?: • 'What do you do?' 'I work in a bank.' Remember: do I/we/you/they ... does he/she/it... short answers • Do they like music? • Does he like music? Yes, I/we/you/they do. he/she/it does. No, I/we/you/they don't. he/she/it doesn't. • 'Do you play tennis?' 'No, I don't.' • 'Do your parents speak English?' 'Yes, they do.' • 'Does George work hard?' 'Yes, he does.' • 'Does your sister live in London.' 'No, she doesn't.' I do/work/like etc. => ESB l don>t ■'" (negative) => HD questions => I'lillrlrttll EXERCISES 7.1 Write questions with Do ...? and Does ...? 1 I like chocolate. And you? 2 I play tennis. And you? 3 Tom plays tennis. And Ann? 4 You live near here. And your friends? 5 You speak English. And your brother? 6 I do exercises every morning. And you? 7 Sue often goes away. And Paul? 8 I want to be famous. And you? 9 You work hard. And Linda? 7.2 Write questions. Use the words in brackets (...) UNIT 7 .^PJ^B.^.^^Iá?:?.. you . Ann 1 (where / live / your parents?) 2 (you / early / always / get up?) 3 (how often / TV / you / watch?) 4 (you / want / what / for dinner?) 5 (ike / you / football?) 6 (your brother / like / football?) 7 (what / you / do / in the evenings?) 8 (your sister / work / where?) 9 (to the cinema / often / you / go?) 10 (what / mean / this word?) 11 (often / snow / it / here?) 12 (go / usually / to bed / what time / you?) ..... 13 (how much / to phone New York / it / cost?) + do/does. Put the words in the right order. 14 (you / for breakfast / have / usually / what?) 7.3 74 de do enjoy go Complete the questions. Use these verbs: like start teach work What A9JÓ9U M.J ...................................................................it? What time............................................ ..................in the morning? ........................on Saturdays? How.................................... ...................................to work? And your husband. What........ ? What................. ? ........................................................................his job? v. I work in a bookshop. It's OK. At 9 o'clock. Sometimes. Usually by bus. He's a teacher. Science. Yes, he loves it. Write short answers (Yes, he does. /No, I don't, etc.). 1 Do you watch TV a lot? ,J^AM^^>J!^JJě.i. 2 Do you live in a big city? ...................................................................... 3 Do you often ride a bicycle? .............................................................. 4 Does it rain a lot where you live? ................................................... 5 Do you play the piano? .......................................................................... [231 I am doing and I do (present continuous and present simple) Jim is watching television. He is not playing the guitar. But Jim has a guitar. He often plays it and he plays very well. Jim plays the guitar but he is not playing the guitar now. Is he playing the guitar? Does he play the guitar? No, he isn't. Yes, he does. (present continuous) (present simple) Present continuous (I am doing) — now, at the time of speaking: I'm doing D past NOW • Please be quiet. I'm working, (not 'I work') • Tom is having a shower at the moment, (not 'Tom has') • Take an umbrella with you. It's raining. • You can turn off the television. I'm not watching it. • Why are you under the table? What are you doing? Present simple (I do) — in general, all the time or sometimes: ^-------------------------------- Ido ------------------------ past NOW • I work every day from 9 o'clock to 5.30. • Tom has a shower every morning. • It rains a lot in winter. • I don't watch television very often. • What do you usually do at the weekend? We do not use these verbs in the present continuous (I am -ing): future future like love want know understand remember prefer hate need mean believe forget depend Use the present simple only with these verbs (I want / do you like? etc.): • I'm tired. I want to go home, (not I'm wanting') • 'Do you know that girl?' 'Yes, but I don't remember her name.' • I don't understand. What do you mean? present continuous -=> SEI present simple present for the future => |l|'lt*^ri EXERCISES Answer the questions about the pictures. Oil ''m CL ''pHotographen 2^ 1 Does he take photographs? Yes* He IH!M.-ifcBH some/any =» Q have breakfast / have a shower etc. =i> lUJUtili EXERCISES 9.1 Write the short form (we've got/ he hasn't got etc.). 1 we have got ...W&.Y^r.JJPs:... 3 they have got............................ 5 it has got........... 2 he has got................................... 4 she has not got........................ 6 I have not got 9.2 Write questions. 1 (you / an umbrella?) ..My.Z.m.Ä..«?.W>r$U#rl..... 2 (you / a passport?) .............................................................................................................. 3 (your father / a car?) .............................................................................................................. 4 (Carol / many friends?) ............................................................................................................. 5 (you / any brothers or sisters?) .............................................................................................................. 6 (how much money / we?) ............................................................................................................. 7 (what / kind of car /Julia?) .............................................................................................................. 9.3 What has Tina got? What have you got? Look at the information and write sentences Í about Tina and yourself. 1 (acamera) ..Sy^.h^..S^J^.S^.?^.'.LYA9.9LC.Q!L!..h^Y^ 2 (a bicycle) Tina....................................................................................................................................................... 3 (longhair) ................................................................................................................................................................... 4 (brothers/sisters) .................................................................................................................................................... 9.4 Put in have got ('ve got), has got ('s got), haven't got or hasn't got. 1 Sarah h*** tqob a car. She goes everywhere by bicycle. 2 They like animals. They .X$:.3$<—. three dogs and two cats. 3 Charles isn't happy. He......................................................a lot of problems. 4 They don't read much. They......................................................many books. 5 'What's wrong?' 'I......................................................something in my eye.' 6 'Where's my pen?' 'I don't know. I...................................................... it.' 7 Julia wants to go to the concert but she......................................................a ticket. 9.5 Complete the sentences. Use have/has got or haven't/hasn't got + one of these: a lot of friends four wheels six legs a headache a toothache a key much time a- garden I'm not feeling very well. I V& .gofc &. fceadgc^.. It's a nice house but it ..h*£*#ř.$$?..£.ÄáS*U.. Mostears................................................................................................ Everybody likes Tom. He..................................................... I'm going to the dentist this morning. I..................... He can't open the door. He................................................. An insect................................................................................................ We must hurry. We.................................................................... was/were LAST NIGHT Now Robert is at work. At midnight last night he wasn't at work. He was in bed. He was asleep. am/is (present) —> was (past): • I am tired, (now) • Where is Ann? (now) • The weather is good today. are (present) —> were (past): • You are late, (now) • They aren't here, (now) positive negative I was tired last night. Where was Ann yesterday? The weather was good last week. You were late yesterday. They weren't here last Sunday. question I he she it was we you they were I he she it was not (wasn't) we you they were not (weren't) was I? he? she? it? were we? you? they? • Last year Rachel was 22, so she is 23 now. • When I was a child, I was afraid of dogs. • We were hungry after the journey but we weren't tired. • The hotel was comfortable but it wasn't expensive. • Was the weather good when you were on holiday? • Those shoes are nice. Were they expensive? • Why were you late this morning? short answers Yes, I/he/she/it was. we/you/they were. No, I/he/she/it wasn't. we/you/they weren't. • 'Were you late?' 'No, I wasn't.' « 'Was Ted at work yesterday?' 'Yes, he was.' • 'Were Sue and Steve at the party?' 'No, they weren't.' EXERCISES 10.1 Look at the pictures. Where were these people at 3 o'clock yesterday afternoon? > CAROL 'i JACK ""ŕ 1 „George wasUr\ bed,. 4 2 Carol and Jack............................................................... 5 ....................................................................................................... 3 Sue ........................................................................................ 6 And you? I....................................................................... 10.2 Put in am/is/are (present) or was/were (past). 1 Last year she ..w. IIIJUJAM I was doing => U^mj worked/got/went etc. (past simple) They watch television every evening. (present simple) They watched television yesterday evening. (past simple) watched is the past simple: I/we/you/they he/she/it watched The past simple is often -ed (regular verbs). For example: work —» worked clean —> cleaned start —» started stay —> stayed arrive —> arrived dance -> danced • I clean my teeth every morning. This morning I cleaned my teeth. • Terry worked in a bank from 1986 to 1993. • Yesterday it rained all morning. It stopped at lunchtime. • We enjoyed the party last night. We danced a lot and talked to a lot of people. The party finished at midnight. Spelling (=> Appendix 5): try —> tried study —> studied copy —> copied stop —> stopped plan —> planned Some verbs are irregular (= not regular). The past simple is not -ed. Here are some important irregular verbs (see also Appendix 2-3): begin —> began fall -» fell leave -> left sell -> sold break broke find found lose lost sit sat bring brought fly flew make made sleep slept build built forget forgot meet met speak spoke buy bought get got pay paid stand stood catch caught give gave put put take took come came g° went read read /red/* tell told do did have had ring rang think thought drink drank hear heard say said win won eat ate know knew see saw write wrote 1.4 pronunciation • I usually get up early but this morning I got up at 9.30. • We did a lot of work yesterday. • Caroline went to the cinema three times last week. • Jim came into the room, took off his coat and sat down. 1.5 stay want EXERCISES 1.1 Complete the sentences. Use one of these verbs in the past simple: elean die enjoy finish happen open rain start 1 I .£**#*).?~... my teeth three times yesterday. 2 It was hot in the room, so I......................................the window. 3 The concert......................................at 7.30 and......................................at 10 o'clock. 4 When I was a child, I......................................to be a doctor. 5 The accident......................................last Sunday afternoon. 6 It's a nice day today but yesterday it......................................all day. 7 We......................................our holiday last year. We......................................at a very nice place. 8 Ann's grandfather......................................when he was 90 years old. 1.2 Write the past simple of these verbs. 1 get 2 see . 3 play 4 pay 5 visit 6 buy 7 go ................................ 10 know 8 think ......................... 11 put ... 9 copy .......................... 12 speak 1.3 Read about Lisa's journey to Madrid. Put the verbs in the correct form. Last Tuesday Lisa (1) .few. from London to Madrid. She (2).........................up at six o'clock in the morning and (3).........................a cup of coffee. At 6.30 she (4).........................home and (5).........................to the airport. When she (6)........................., she (7).........................the car and then (8).........................to the airport café where she (9).........................breakfast. Then she (10).........................through passport control and (11).........................for her flight. The plane (12)......................... on time and (13).........................in Madrid two hours later. Finally she (14)......................... a taxi from the airport to her hotel in the centre of Madrid. fly, get have leave, drive arrive, park, go have, go wait, depart arrive take Write sentences about the past (yesterday / last week etc.). 1 Jim always goes to work by car. Yesterday M^,.)^^k.^.M^..ÉA.^f..'.. 2 Rachel often loses her keys. She....................................................................................................................last week. 3 Kate meets her friends every evening. She ........................................................................yesterday evening. 4 I usually buy two newspapers every day. Yesterday I............................................................................................... 5 We usually go to the cinema on Sundays. Last Sunday we................................................................................. 6 I eat an orange every day. Yesterday I................................................................................................................................. 7 Tom always has a shower in the morning. This morning he............................................................................. 8 Our friends come to see us every Friday. They................................................................................last Friday. Write sentences about what you did yesterday. 1 JLCtaj^ volleyball yesterday. 4 2............................z:..::::..::::::..::...................... 51:::::::::::::::.......................................... 3...... A .......................................... was/were => H I didn't ... / Did you ... ? (negative and questions) => Hi.'naH ago => JJ^JiJ I didn't... Did you...? (past simple negative and questions) 2.1 We use did in past simple negatives and questions: infinitive positive negative question I played we started you watched they had he saw she did it went I we you they he she it did not (didn't) play start watch have see do go I play? we start? you watch? did they have? he see? she do? it go? 2.2 do/does (present) —> did (past): • I don't watch television very often. • I didn't watch television yesterday. • Does she often go away? • Did she go away last week? We use did/didn't + infinitive (watch/play/go etc.): I watched they went he had you did but I didn't watch did they go? he didn't have did you do? (not 'I didn't watched') (not 'did they went?') • 1 played tennis yesterday but I didn't win. • 'Did you do the shopping?' 'No, I didn't have time. • We went to the cinema but we didn't enjoy the film. Study the word order in questions: did + subject + infinitive Did your sister phone you? What did you do yesterday evening? How did the accident happen? Where did your parents go for their holiday? 2.3 12.4 short answers Yes, I/we/you/they he/she/it did. No, I/we/you/they he/she/it didn't. 12.5 • 'Did you see Joe yesterday?' 'No, I didn't.' • 'Did it rain on Sunday?' 'Yes, it did.' • 'Did Helen come to the party?' 'No, she didn't.' • 'Did your parents have a good holiday?' 'Yes, they did.' worked/got/went etc. (past simple) => llflilikl EXERCISES Complete these sentences with the verb in the negative. 1 I saw Barbara but I ...4*4*?*; see.....jane. 2 They worked on Monday but they......................................................on Tuesday. 3 We went to the post office but we......................................................to the bank. 4 She had a pen but she......................................................any paper. 5 Jack did French at school but he......................................................German. Write questions with Did...? 1 I watched TV last night. And you? 2 I enjoyed the party. And you? 3 I had a good holiday. And you? 4 I finished work early. And you? 5 I slept well last night. And you? ,1^.S^„!^^..TĹÍ!Í^.TÍÍ!& I What did you do yesterday? Write positive or negative sentences. 1 (watch TV) 1. W<^.^. ..^ 2 (get up before 7 o'clock) 3 (have a shower) 4 (buy a magazine) 5 (eat meat) 6 (go to bed before 10.30) Write B's questions. Use: arrive cost go go to bed late happen have a nice time stay win 1 A: We went to New York last month. B: Where ...4Mr.JX!fL^éL A: With some friends. 5 A: We came home by taxi. B: How much......................................................? A: Ten pounds. 2 A: I was late this morning. B: What time............................................................? A: Half past nine. 6 A: I'm tired this morning. B: ..............................................................................? A: No, but I didn't sleep very well. 3 A: I played tennis this afternoon. B: .......................................................................................? A: No, I lost. 7 A: We went to the beach yesterday. B: ...................................................................................? A: Yes, it was great. 4 A: I had a nice holiday. B: Good. Where....................................................? A: To the mountains. 8 A: The window is broken. B: How.....................................................................? A: I don't know. Put the verb in the correct form - positive, negative or question. 1 We went to the cinema but the film wasn't very good. We ...4M#.£. .S*iÍPtí.., it. (enjoy) 2 Tim...........................................some new clothes yesterday - two shirts, a jacket and a pullover, (buy) 3 '..............................................................yesterday?' 'No, it was a nice day.' (rain) 4 The party wasn't very good, so we..............................................................long- (stay) 5 It was very warm in the room, so I..............................................................a window, (open) 6 'Did you go to the bank this morning?' 'No, I..............................................................time.' (have) 7 'I cut my hand this morning.' 'How..............................................................that?' (do) I was doing (past continuous) Ä SARAH NOW 6 O'CLOCK she began playing s%e ygm&ffa&fafä It is 6 o'clock now. Sarah is at home. She is watching television. At 4 o'clock she wasn't at home. She was at the sports club. She was playing tennis. She wasn't watching television. 4*3 she stopped playing B was/were + -ing is the past continuous: positive negative I he she it was doing watching playing running living etc. we you they were question I he she it was not (wasn't) doing watching playing running living etc. we you they were not (weren't) was I he she it doing? watching? playing? were we you they running? living? etc. • What were you doing at 11.30 yesterday? Were you working? • 'What did he say?' 'I don't know. I wasn't listening.' • It was raining, so we didn't go out. • In 1985 we were living in Canada. • Today she's wearing a skirt, but yesterday she was wearing trousers. • I woke up early yesterday. It was a beautiful morning. The sun was shining and the birds were singing. Spelling (live -> living / run -> running / lie -> lying etc.) => Appendix 5 am/is/are + -ing (present) -> was/were + -ing (past): • I'm working (now). I was working at 10.30 last night. • It isn't raining (now). It wasn't raining when we went out. • What are you doing (now)? What were you doing at three o'clock? [34] was/were =» Ullllllil I was doing and I did (past continuous and simple) => HIMifcl EXERCISES 3.1 Look at the pictures. Where were these people at 3 o'clock yesterday afternoon? And what were they doing? Write two sentences for each picture. 5 MR AND s~^. MRS HALL C \-\ the cinema / JĚ£ watch a film the park / walk 1 Awj.WM.,^ 2 Carol and Jack............................................................................... They 3 Tom............................................................................................................................ 4 ......................................................................................................................................... 6 And you? I.................................................................................................................................................................. 3.2 Sarah did a lot of things yesterday morning. Look at the pictures and complete the sentences. 3.4 1 At 9.45 ...$.l?^.w.^..w*sHi*ig.fo^.car., 2 At 11.45 she......................................................... 3 At 9 o'clock......................................................... 4 At 12.50 5 At 8.15 .. 6 At 10.30 3.3 Complete the questions. Use was/were -ing. Use what/where/why if necessary. (you/live) When?., were you living in 1990? (you/do) .................................................................................at 2 o'clock? (it/rain) .....................................................................when you got up? (Ann/drive) .......................................................................................so fast? (Tim/wear)...................................................................a suit yesterday? In London. I was asleep. No, it was sunny. Because she was in a hurry. No, a T-shirt and jeans. Look at the picture. You saw Joe in the street yesterday afternoon. What was he doing? Write positive or negative sentences. 1 (wear / a jacket) ...H&.WASm'Lwwto$„ IH'liHtftkl I was doing (past continuous) => uj^jj while => |i|j||^| EXERCISES Look at the pictures and put the verbs in the correct form, past continuous or past simple. l Carol ..br.pk£......(break) her arm last week. It........................................................(happen) when she........................................................(paint) her room. She........................................................ (fall) off the ladder. The train........................................................(arrive) at the station and Paula........................................... (get) off. Two friends of hers, John and Jenny,........................................................(wait) to meet her. Yesterday Sue........................................................ (walk) along the road when she ........................................................(meet) Jim. He........................................................(go) to the station to catch a train and he ........................................................(carry) a bag. They........................................................(stop) to talk for a few minutes. Put the verb into the past continuous or past simple. 1 A: What. »$?$.$>*J^M.....(you/do) when the phone.....T. I have cleaned finish -> we have finished start -> she has started Irregular verbs: The past participle is sometimes the same as the past simple and sometimes different (=> Appendix 2-3). For example: the same: buy -> I bought / I have bought have -> he had / he has had different- break -> I broke / I have broken see -> you saw / you have seen fall -> it fell / it has fallen go -»they went / they have gone EXERCISES 5.1 Look at the pictures. What has happened? Choose from: go to bed clean his shoes stop raining close the door fall down have a bath before now 1 5.2 We use the present perfect for an action in the past with a result now: • I've lost my passport. (= I can't find my passport now) • 'Where's Linda?' 'She's gone to bed.' (= she is in bed now) • We've bought a new car. (= we have a new car now) • It's Rachel's birthday tomorrow and I haven't bought her a present. • 'Bob is on holiday' 'Oh, where has he gone?' • Can I take this newspaper? Have you finished with it? present perfect => Ill.'IHllifllil present perfect and past simple => W!H*jil irregular verbs => |fl«h«1ll3 15 n -úľ// He Höls cleaned his shoes. rr/\ \\ She They It see not/see take tell Complete the sentences with a verb from the list. break buy decide finish forget go go invite 1 'Can I have this newspaper?' 'Yes, I Y£ fwtehecl with it.' 2 I......................................................................some new shoes. Do you want to see them? 3 'Where is Liz?' 'She......................................................................out.' 4 I'm looking for Paula.......................................you......................................her? 5 Look! Somebody......................................................................that window. 6 'Does Lisa know that you're going away?' 'Yes, I.................................................................... 7 I can't find my umbrella. Somebody......................................................................it. 8 I'm looking for Sarah. Where......................................she......................................? 9 I know that woman but I......................................................................her name. 10 Sue is having a party tonight. She......................................................................a lot of people. 11 What are you going to do? ......................................you ....'..................................? 12 'Where are my glasses?' 'I don't know. I......................................................................them.' her.' [39] I've just... I've already (present perfect 2) I haven't... yet I've just ... They have just arrived. I've already ... just = a short time ago • A: Are Diane and Paul here? B: Yes, they've just arrived. • A: Are you hungry? B: No, I've just had dinner. • A: Is Tom here? B: No, I'm afraid he's just gone. (= he has just gone) already = before you expected / before I expected • A: What time are Diane and Paul coming? B: They've already arrived. (= before you expected) • It's only nine o'clock and Ann has already gone to bed. (= before I expected) • A: John, this is Mary. B: Yes, I know. We've already met. 16. I haven't... yet / Have you ... yet? yet = until now You can use yet in negative sentences and questions. Yet is usually at the end. yet in negative sentences: The film hasn't started yet. • A: Are Diane and Paul here? B: No, they haven't arrived yet. (but B expects Diane and Paul to arrive soon) • A: Does John know that you're going away? B: No, I haven't told him yet. (but B is going to tell him soon) • Margaret has bought a new dress but she hasn't worn it yet. yet in questions: • A: Have Diane and Paul arriveďyet?/ B: No, not yet. We're still waitingfor them. • A: Has Linda started her new job yet? B: No, she starts next week. • A: This is my new dress. B: Oh, it's nice. Have you worn it yet? 16.4 present perfect => jmrnaaiaran word order -. still, yet and already =4> ß EXERCISES Write a sentence with just for each picture. 2 He................................................. 3 They........ 4 The race Complete the sentences. Use already + present perfect. What time is Paul arriving? Do Sue and Bill want to see the film? Don't forget to phone Tom. When is Martin going away? Do you want to read the newspaper? When does Linda start her new job? No, they........................................................................it. I................................................................................................. He............................................................................................ I................................................................................................. She .......................................................................................... Write a sentence with just (They've just.../ She's just... etc.) or a negative sentence with yet (They haven't... yet/She hasn't... yet etc.). Write questions with yet. 1 Your friend has got a new job. Perhaps she has started it. You ask her: 3 Your friend must write a letter. Perhaps she has written it now. You ask her: 2 Your friend has some new neighbours. Perhaps he has met them. You ask him: ...................you........................................................... 4 Tom was trying to sell his car. Perhaps he has sold it now. You ask a friend about Tom: