Regular and irregular verbs rV Regular verbs The past simple and past participle of regular verbs is -ed: clean —> cleaned live —■> lived paint —> painted study —> studied Past simple (=S> Unit 11) • I cleaned my shoes yesterday. • Charlie studied engineering at university. Past participle Present perfect — have/has + past participle (=> Units 15-18): • I have cleaned my shoes. • Jane has lived in London for ten years. Passive ~ be (is / are / were / has been etc.) + past participle (=> Units 21-22) • These rooms are cleaned every day. • My car has been repaired. D Irregular verbs The past simple and past participle of irregular verbs are not ~ed: make break cut past simple made broke cut past participle made broken cut Sometimes the past simple and past participle are the same. For example: make find buy cut \ .,?. \ made found bought cut past participle ) ° • I made a cake yesterday, (past simple) • I have made some coffee, (past participle - present perfect) • Butter is made from milk, (past participle ~ passive present) Sometimes the past simple and past participle are different. For example: past simple past participle break broke broken know knew known begin begin began go went gone • Somebody broke this window last night, (past simple) • Somebody has broken this window, (past participle — present perfect) • This window was broken last night, (past participle - passive past) [56] list of irregular verbs =^ £222021 spelling (regular verbs') =» ffffi UNIT EXERCISES Dil 4j Write the past simple / past participle of these verbs. (The past simple and past participle are the same for all the verbs in this exercise.) 1 make ...$*#&.... 6 enjoy............................................ 11 hear.................................................. 2 cut ...tó. 7 buy................................................. 12 put.................................................... 3 get................................................. 8 sit.................................................... 13 catch................................................ 4 bring............................................ 9 leave.............................................. 14 watch.............................................. 5 pay................................................. 10 happen........................................ 15 understand.................................. 4.2 Write the past simple and past participle of these verbs. 1 break ..&K&S.....\>™*m 6 run .................................... 11 take 2 begin .................................... 7 speak .................................... 12 go 3 eat .................................... 8 write .................................... 13 give 4 drink .................................... 9 come .................................... 14 throw 5 drive .................................... 10 know .................................... 15 forget 1.3 Put the verb in the right form. 1 I .WftsH?«i.... rny hands because they "were dirty, (wash) 2 Somebody has .ÍKPÍÍ.5S.... this window, (break) 3 I feel good. I......................................very well last night, (sleep) 4 We......................................a very good film yesterday, (see) 5 It......................................a lot while we were on holiday, (rain) 6 I've......................................my bag. (lose) Have you......................................it? (see) 7 Rosa's bicycle was.......................................last week, (steal) 8 I......................................to bed early because I was tired, (go) 9 Have you......................................your work yet? (finish) 10 The shopping centre was......................................about 20 years ago. (build) 11 Ann......................................to drive when she was 18. (learn) 12 I've never......................................a horse, (ride) 13 Julia is a good friend of mine. I've......................................her for a long time, (know) 14 Yesterday I......................................and......................................my leg. (fall / hurt) !4.4 Complete these sentences. Choose from the list and putthe verb into the correct form. cost drive fly make meet sell speak swim tell think wake up win 1 I have P.&A&.....some coffee. Would you like some? 2 Have you......................................John about your new job? 3 We played basketball on Sunday. We didn't play very well but we....................................... 4 I know Gary but I've never......................................his wife. 5 We were......................................by loud music in the middle of the night. 6 Stephanie jumped into the river and......................................to the other side. 7 'Did you like the film?' 'Yes, I......................................it was very good.' 8 Many different languages are......................................in the Philippines. 9 Our holiday......................................a lot of money because we stayed in an expensive hotel. 10 Have you ever......................................a very fast car? 1 All the tickets for the concert were......................................very quickly. 12 A bird......................................in through the open window while we were having our dinner. [57]